Star Trail e strisciate animate

Sab, 19/06/2010 - 15:30 da gerlos

Nei precedenti articoli abbiamo visto come realizzare video time-lapse usando una reflex e gli strumenti liberi del nostro sistema GNU/Linux. Abbiamo visto come realizzare una immagine "strisciata" dalla somma dei frame scattati nelle ore di ripresa, ma non abbiamo visto come fare un effetto animato come questo:

Ottenere un video di questo genere a partire da un set di immagini time lapse è piuttosto semplice, con qualche piccola modifica possiamo adattare il nostro script elabora.sh a questo scopo. Eccolo qui:

#!/bin/bash
# strisciata.sh
# data: 16/06/2010
# autore: gerlos - gerlos@altervista.org
# Fa una strisciata animata a partire dai fotogrammi ripresi
# salva anche una immagine strisciata completa
#   Richiede: imagemagick, ffmpeg
#   Assume che nella cartella "elaborate" ci siano già le immagini PNG ritoccate
# e numerate per essere elaborate con `ffmpeg`.

# prepariamo una directory dove mettere le immagini della nuova sequenza da montare
mkdir strisciata
# Cominciamo creando una immagine di sfondo, nera e grande quanto le altre foto
# Impostiamo l'estensione in lettere maiuscole, cosi` questo file non viene
# elencato nel prossimo ciclo e non viene usato da ffmpeg.
convert -size 1728x1152 xc:black 00000.PNG
# aggiungiamo in modalita` "illumina" ogni immagine della sequenza all'immagine
# di sfondo, inizialmente nera (illumina aggiunge un pixel della seconda
# immagine all'immagine composta solo se e` piu` luminoso di quello della prima
# immagine, così non saturiamo il fondo cielo, pur aggiungendo le stelle)
# ad ogni passo della somma copiamo l'immagine intermedia, per l'animazione
for i in `ls elaborate/*.png`
do
  convert 00000.PNG $i -compose lighten -composite 00000.PNG
  cp 00000.PNG strisciata/`basename $i`
done
# conserviamo l'immagine con la strisciata completa
mv 00000.PNG strisciata.png
# ci spostiamo nella cartella che contiene le immagini e le uniamo in un video
cd strisciata
ffmpeg -r 25 -i '%05d.png' -r 25 -s hd720 -vcodec mpeg4 -qscale 1 \
                                                      -y ../video-strisciata.mp4
exit

Eseguendo questo script nella struttura di cartelle descritta nel mio precedente articolo, possiamo ottenere il risultato voluto. Ecco infatti una nuova versione del video time lapse realizzato nei precedenti articoli, con l'effetto appena creato.

Star Trails at X Star Party Madonie AstrofiliSiciliani.org from gerlos on Vimeo.

Le costellazioni e Giove sorgono dall'orizzonte Est a Piano Battaglia. Il mio primo video time lapse astronomico, ricavato da 4 ore di riprese con una Canon 20D collegata al MacBook Pro con Kubuntu e gphoto2. E
laborazione con imagemagick, ffmpeg e kdenlive.

Per approfondire la tecnica: http://gerlos.altervista.org/pinguino-fotografo/video-time-lapse/time-lapse-canon-20da-1
Grazie a Gianni P. dell'AIDA di Ragusa per l'aiuto in fase di acquisizione.

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Interessante...

Tecnica molto interessante che sto sperimentando in questi giorni di cielo limpido invernale. Da utente linux, stavo cercando di sviluppare un workflow intelligente per trattare i fotogrammi e ottenere le startrail. Il problema, per così dire, è che la tecnica descritta mitiga gli effetti del rumore del sensore ma non li abbatte del tutto come si otterrebbe con un averaging. Quest'ultimo, però, porterebbe ad un abbattimento della luminosità degli astri: si avrebbe una bella foto nitidissima ma con delle tracce piuttosto flebili. E' necessario pensare ad un approccio intermedio, che introduca qualche step di averaging in modo da abbattere il rumore di fondo senza intaccare la luminosità delle strisce. Il programma gratuito startrails usa un approccio simile, ma purtroppo non è disponibile per linux.

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